OPT begins with a thorough patient assessment, which includes taking a detailed history of the patient's symptoms, understanding the nature of the injury or condition, and conducting a physical examination. This may involve range-of-motion tests, strength assessments, postural analysis, and palpation of tissues to detect inflammation, muscle weakness, or joint misalignments.
Orthopedic physical therapy is guided by several foundational principles:
Manual Therapy: This includes joint mobilization and soft tissue manipulation to reduce pain, improve circulation, and enhance mobility.
Exercise Prescription: Specific exercises tailored to improve strength, flexibility, balance, and coordination.
Modalities: These include heat, cold, ultrasound, electrical stimulation, and laser therapy, designed to reduce pain and inflammation, promote healing, and accelerate recovery.
Patient Education: Educating patients on proper posture, body mechanics, and self-care techniques is vital to prevent further injury and ensure long-term recovery.
Orthopedic physical therapists treat a wide range of musculoskeletal conditions, including but not limited to:
Sports Injuries: These may involve sprains, strains, fractures, dislocations, and tendonitis caused by activities such as running, jumping, and contact sports.
Arthritis: Degenerative conditions such as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis can lead to joint pain, stiffness, and loss of function. Physical therapy helps manage pain and improve joint mobility.
Fractures and Post-Surgical Rehabilitation: After bone fractures or orthopedic surgeries, such as hip replacement or knee surgery, physical therapy is critical in regaining strength, flexibility, and functionality.
Back and Neck Pain: Conditions like herniated discs, sciatica, and spinal stenosis are commonly treated with orthopedic physical therapy to relieve pain and improve spinal alignment and mobility.
Postural Dysfunction and Gait Disorders: Abnormal postures or gait patterns caused by muscle imbalances, neurological conditions, or chronic pain are addressed in orthopedic physical therapy.